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The tourbillon system was made to compensate the Earth’s gravitational force by mounting the escapement in a revolving cage. It gives the watch a better accuracy. This complication is known as one of the most difficult to make.
Chronograph watches can measure and display elapsed time. Usually three subcounters on the dial display the elapsed seconds, minutes and hours.
The perpetual calendar complication displays the day, date and month, but it requires less adjustment than an annual calendar. This complication knows the number of days in each month but it also knows the year so that it will automatically adjust for leap year. The next time a perpetual calendar will have to be adjusted is in the year 2100.
Watches featuring a moonphase complication display new moons, first quarters, full moons and last quarters.
The date is a small window on the dial which indicates the day of the month (between 1 and 31).
Watches featuring a « big date » display an oversized window and have two independent date discs.
The Flyblack function means that the chronograph hand can be reset to zero and immediately started again by pressing once the pusher. That’s why there are two hands for the chronograph.
The power reserve indicator tells you the time the watch will continue to function. It can either be seen on hand winding or automatic watches.
