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The tourbillon system was made to compensate the Earth’s gravitational force by mounting the escapement in a revolving cage. It gives the watch a better accuracy. This complication is known as one of the most difficult to make.
The perpetual calendar complication displays the day, date and month, but it requires less adjustment than an annual calendar. This complication knows the number of days in each month but it also knows the year so that it will automatically adjust for leap year. The next time a perpetual calendar will have to be adjusted is in the year 2100.
Watches featuring a moonphase complication display new moons, first quarters, full moons and last quarters.
The date is a small window on the dial which indicates the day of the month (between 1 and 31).
Watches featuring a « big date » display an oversized window and have two independent date discs.
Watches featuring a retrograde date have their hands moving across a scale which at the end of their cycle, return immediately to zero to start again.